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–@‚ÌŽx”z‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚鎟‚Ì‚`•`‚d‚Ì‹L•q‚Ì‚¤‚¿•C•³‚µ‚¢‚à‚͉̂½ŒÂ‚ ‚é‚©•B ‚` –@‚ÌŽx”z‚Æ‚Í•C•l‚ÌŽx”z‚ɑΗ§‚·‚錴—•‚Å‚ ‚è•CŒ —Í‚ªŽ¡ŽÒ‚Ìœ“ˆÓ“I‚Ȉӎv‚É ‚æ‚Á‚Ä‚Å‚Í‚È‚-•C‚ ‚ç‚©‚¶‚ß‘¶•Ý‚·‚é–@‚É•]‚Á‚Ä•sŽg‚³‚ê‚邱‚Æ‚ð—v‹•‚·‚é‚à‚Ì ‚ Å ‚ ‚ é ‚ ª • C ‚ ± ‚ Ì ‚ æ ‚ ¤ ‚ È • l ‚ ¦ • û ‚ Í • C 20• ¢ ‹ I • ‰ “ ª ‚ É • ¶ ‚ Ü ‚ ê • C “ ñ “ x ‚ Ì • ¢ Š E ‘ å • í ‚ Ì Œ o Œ ± ‚ ð Œo‚Ä‚Æ‚ç‚ê‚é‚悤‚É‚È‚Á‚½‚à‚Ì‚Å‚ ‚é•B ‚a • •‘‰¤‚͉½•l‚̉º‚É‚à‚ ‚é‚ׂ«‚Å‚Í‚È‚¢ ‚µ‚©‚µ•_‚Æ–@‚̉º‚É‚ ‚é‚ׂ«‚Å‚ ‚é ‚Æ‚ÌŒ¾—t‚Í•C–@‚ÌŽx”z‚Ì–{Ž¿‚É•‡’v‚·‚é‚à‚Ì‚Å‚ ‚é•B ‚b –@‚ÌŽx”z‚Í•C‰p•Ä–@‚Ì•ªŠ²‚Æ‚È‚éŠT”O‚Å‚ ‚è•CƒhƒCƒc‚Å‚ÍŒ»•Ý‚à–@‚ÌŽx”z‚Æ‘Î —§‚·‚é–@Ž¡Žå‹`‚ð•Ì—p‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é•B ‚c –@‚ÌŽx”z‚É‚¢‚¤•u–@•v‚Í•C‹c‰ï‚Ì•§’è‚·‚é–@—¥‚ðˆÓ–¡‚·‚é‚Ì‚Å‚ ‚è•C‚±‚̂悤 ‚È–@—¥‚𕑉ƕC“Á‚É•s•-Œ ‚ª•…Žç‚·‚邱‚Æ‚É‚æ‚è•C•lŒ •Û•á‚ð•Å‘åŒÀ•}‚邱‚Æ‚ª ‚Å‚«‚é•B ‚d ˆáŒ›—§–@•R•¸•§“x‚Í•C–@‚ÌŽx”z‚ðŽÀŽ¿‰»‚·‚é•d—v‚ÈŽè’i‚̈ê‚‚ł ‚é•B u •

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‹~‹}ŽÔ‚ªƒTƒCƒŒƒ“‚ð–‚炵‚È‚ª‚ç•C•ÃŽ~‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚éŠÏ‘ªŽÒ‚ɋ߂Â-‚Æ‚«‚Æ•ÃŽ~‚µ‚Ä‚¢ ‚éŠÏ‘ªŽÒ‚©‚牓‚´‚©‚é‚Æ‚«‚É•·‚±‚¦‚éƒTƒCƒŒƒ“‰¹‚Ì•U“®•” [ƒ w ƒ ‹ ƒ c ] ‚ É ‚  ‚ ¢ ‚ Ä ‚ Ì • à ƒ [ ω χ] ∅ • ƒ ⇐  Χ ΒΟ ◊∑↔↑Χ ×♥∅↔⊆ ƒ   ←ƒ ↑ Χ × ♥  ∅ ↔ ⊆ ≥   ∅↓ ∅↓ ◊ ƒ Ο ƒ Ο ƒΟ ƒ Ο ƒ Ο ∅∝⊗≥∝′◊⊂⊆Χ ⊂⁄↵∩♥Β ∝Χ℘∼∝∼}™⊂ΤΧ ⊂≠⊂Υ→ Υ→ ♠∑↔′∅•±ƒ≠⊂≠⊆ ↑∪Β Π Θ Ρ Σ Τ Υ→ ◊←≥′Β Υ→ ∑↔′Β Υ→ ∂⊕ Β Υ→ ∂⊕ Β Υ→ ←≥′Β ⊆Χ∼}™♠⇓℘↑∅↔⊃⊆ ƒ ∅ ↓ ∂ƒ Χ × ♥  ∅ ↔ ⊆ ⊕ ⊆Χ∼}™♠⇓℘↑∅↔⊃⊆ ƒ ∑↔↑Χ ×♥∅↔⊆ ƒ ƒ Χ∼}™♠⇓℘↑∅↔◊ ×♥∅↔◊Χ℘∼∝ ⊂ ⊆ ⊆Χ∼}™♠⇓℘↑∅↔⊃⊆ ƒ ⊆Χ∼}™♠⇓℘↑∅↔⊃⊆ ƒ

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•A•¨‚Í•CŒõ‚̃Gƒlƒ‹ƒM•[‚ð—p‚¢‚Ä•C“ñŽ_‰»’Y‘f‚Æ•…‚©‚ç—L‹@•¨‚ÆŽ_‘f‚ð‚‚-‚é•B‚± ‚ê‚ðŒõ•‡•¬‚Æ‚¢‚¤•BŒõ•‡•¬‚ª‚Ç‚Ì’ö“xŠˆ”-‚É‹N‚±‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚é‚©‚Í•CŒõ•‡•¬‚É‚æ‚é“ñŽ_‰» ’Y‘f‚Ì•Á”“x‚Å•ª‚©‚è•C‚±‚ê‚ðŒõ•‡•¬‘¬“x‚Æ‚¢‚¤•B‚µ‚©‚µ•C•A•¨‚Í•CŒõ•‡•¬‚ð•s‚Á ‚Ä‚¢‚é‚Æ‚«‚É‚à•C‚±‚ê‚Æ•À•s‚µ‚Čċz‚É‚æ‚Á‚ÄŽ_‘f‚ð•Á”•C“ñŽ_‰»’Y‘f‚𕶕¬‚µ‚Ä ‚¢‚é•B‚µ‚½‚ª‚Á‚Ä•C•A•¨‚ªŒÄ‹z‚É‚æ‚蕶•¬‚µ‚½“ñŽ_‰»’Y‘fˆÈŠO‚ÌŠOŠE‚©‚ç‚Ì“ñŽ_‰»’Y ‘f‚Ì‹zŽû‘¬“x‚𑪒肵‚½‚Ì‚Å‚Í•CŒõ•‡•¬‘¬“x‚𑪒肵‚½‚±‚Æ‚É‚Í‚È‚ç‚È‚¢•B‚‚܂è•C ‚±‚ê‚Å‚Í•u‚Ý‚©‚¯‚ÌŒõ•‡•¬‘¬“x•v‚𑪒肵‚½‚±‚Æ‚É‚È‚é•BŒõ•‡•¬‘¬“x‚ð—^‚¦‚鎮‚Æ‚µ ‚Ä•³‚µ‚¢‚à‚Ì‚Í•CŽŸ‚Ì‚¤‚¿‚Ç‚ê‚©•B ‚P ‚Q ‚R ‚S ‚T Œõ•‡•¬‘¬“x• ‚Ý‚©‚¯‚ÌŒõ•‡•¬‘¬“x•{•…‚Ì‹zŽû‘¬“x Œõ•‡•¬‘¬“x• ‚Ý‚©‚¯‚ÌŒõ•‡•¬‘¬“x•|ŒÄ‹z‚É‚æ‚é“ñŽ_‰»’Y‘f‚Ì•¶•¬‘¬“x Œõ•‡•¬‘¬“x• ‚Ý‚©‚¯‚ÌŒõ•‡•¬‘¬“x•{ŒÄ‹z‚É‚æ‚é“ñŽ_‰»’Y‘f‚Ì•¶•¬‘¬“x Œõ•‡•¬‘¬“x• ‚Ý‚©‚¯‚ÌŒõ•‡•¬‘¬“x•|Ž_‘f‚Ì•¶•¬‘¬“x Œõ•‡•¬‘¬“x• ‚Ý‚©‚¯‚ÌŒõ•‡•¬‘¬“x•{Ž_‘f‚Ì•¶•¬‘¬“x

- 10

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20

“ú–{•t‹ß‚É’B‚·‚é‘ä•—‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä‚ÌŽŸ‚Ì‚`•`‚d‚Ì‹L•q‚Ì‚¤‚¿•C–¾‚ç‚©‚ÉŒë‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚é‚à ‚Ì‚Í‰½ŒÂ‚ ‚é‚©•B ‚` ‚Ù‚Æ‚ñ‚Ç‚Ì‘ä•—‚Í–k‘¾•½—m•¼•”ŠC—m•ã‚É”-•¶‚µ‚½”M‘Ñ’á‹Cˆ³‚©‚ç”-’B‚·‚é•B ‚a ‘ä•—‚ª’áˆÜ“x‚É‚ ‚éŠÔ‚͕ΓŒ•—‚É‚æ‚蕼Šñ‚è‚É•i‚Þ‚±‚Æ‚ª‘½‚¢•B ‚b “ú–{—ñ“‡•t‹ß‚É’B‚·‚éŒo˜H‚Æ‚µ‚Ä‚Í•C–k‘¾•½—m•‚‹Cˆ³‚Ì•¼‰•‚ɉˆ‚¢–k•ã‚·‚é•ê •‡‚ª‘½‚¢•B ‚c ’†ˆÜ“x‚É’B‚µ‚½‘ä•—‚Í•Cˆê”ʂɕΕ¼•—‚É‚æ‚è“ŒŠñ‚è‚É•i‚Þ•B ‚d ‘ä•—‚Ì’†•S•”‚Í•u‘ä•—‚ÌŠá•v‚ƌĂ΂ê•C•—‚ƉJ‚ª•Å‚à‹-‚¢—̈æ‚Å‚ ‚é•B

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21

To some people a temperature of around 10 Finland they think nothing of it. course, to wash ( . ‚ ` There ,

degrees Fahrenheit seems a little , hot

but in of

the saunas are places designed to relax , 80 to 09

and also ,

), a good temperature is around

degrees ,

and by

throwing water on to the very hot stones which you find in the sauna you'll be able to get just the right humidity for a perfect and restful ten minutes or so. Restful? What about the twigs? When taking a sauna, Finns often beat the body with twigs , in order to loosen the muscles, increase the circulation , and help the body to sweat .

It is true that sometimes Finnish people get a bit excited and have competitions to see who can stand the highest temperature. do, or even the average Finn . Of course, That's probably not a very sensible thing for the average visitor to It's not very good for the health to stay in the heat for too long .

by taking a short rest and getting cooled down you can prepare your body for heat and punishment . It could be dangerous for anyone

another ten minutes or so of sweat, with a weak heart, ( ‚ a • j.

And if you have a weak heart you probably wouldn't like to and the humidity and roll around in the snow , or dive

run straight from the twigs, and the heat , straight into the nearest freezing cold water. do. •

You wouldn't perhaps; there are a lot of Finns who

Mark Ellis & Printha Ellis i

Counterpoint

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•ã ‚Ì ¶ ( ŽŸ‚̤¿Çê©•B

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A ‚P ‚Q ‚R ‚S ‚T Therefore Nevertheless Although Otherwise Actually

B unfortunately if any all things considered unexpectedly however

- 12

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2

Although education is compulsory in the United States ,

it is not compulsory for all children to

get their education at school. A number of parents believe that they can provide a better education for their children at home. "home-schoolers. " There are about30, Children who are educated at home are known as home-schoolers in the United States today . Some

parents prefer teaching their children at home because they do not believe that public schools teach the correct religious values; others believe they can provide a better educational experience for their children themselves. Interestingly , results show that home-schooled children tend to do

better than average on national tests in reading and math. David Guterson is an American writer. He and his wife teach their three children themselves . Learning

Guterson says that his children learn very differently from children in a regular school. starts with the children's interests and questions. winter day, For example ,

when there is heavy snowfall on a snow removal equipment ,

it may start a discussion or reading about climate , Or a spring evening ,

Alaska, polar bears and winter tourism , . stars,

when the family is watching the comets , it

is a good time for setting up a telescope and asking questions about satellites, and the space program . At dinner ,

meteors,

if the Brazilian rain forests are on the news ,

could be a perfect time to get out the atlas and encyclopedia. Then there might be two hours or more of eating, the climate, asking questions looking up answers , , discovering how rain forests influence and how the polar ice

what the "greenhouse effect" is ,

how deserts are formed ,

caps affect ocean levels. Although home schooling offers an experience that is often more interesting than regular schools, critics point out that home-schoolers miss out on many important things. The home-schooler is an outsider who, because he or she never attended school , might be

uncomfortable mixing with other people in adult life.

Critics also say that most parents are not

well qualified to teach their children and may pass on their own narrow views to their children. However, most parents don't have the time or desire to teach their children at home so schools ,

will continue to be where most children get their formal education. • i Jack C Richards . •C Interchange 3 Workbook ‚æ‚è•j

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•ã‚̉p•¶‚Ì“à—e‚Æ•‡’v‚·éàÌÍ•CŽŸ‚̤¿Çê©•B ‚P All parents in the United States believe that they can give a better education to their children at school. ‚ David Guterson and his wife send their three children to school Q better educated at a regular school. ‚R An American writer claims that when a certain topic is on the news at home, an ideal time for children to learn more about it. ‚S Some people think that home-schoolers feel quite at ease with other children even though they mainly study at home. ‚T More and more parents in the United States wish to teach their children only at home. it could be believing that they can be

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• ½ • ¬ ‚ P‚ T ” N“ x • Ù ” » • Š Ž – ± Š ¯ • Ì — p ‡ T Ž í • E ‡ UŽ í • C ‰ Æ ’ ë • Ù ” » • Š ’ ² • ¸ Š ¯ • â • Ì — p ‡ T Ž í Ž Ž Œ ± ‹ ³ — { Ž Ž Œ ±

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32

We all know that if we "burn" chalk the result is quick-lime .

Chemists enunciate the result of all the experiments that prove this, ŽŸ‚Ì •` ‚Ì•¶ðÀב֦Ä㉺ü”ª‚É“êéÆ•C˜_Ž|‚ªˆêŠÑµ½ƒpƒ‰Oƒ‰te a ‚ðŠ®•¬ by stating that chalk is almost wholly composed of "carbonate of lime " .

‚³¹é±ÆªÅ«•B1”Ô–Ú‚Æ4É-镶̑g•‡‚¹ÆµÄC•Å‚à“KØÈÌÍÇê©B a b By this method of procedure we see the lime, Chalk, in fact , but we do not see the carbonic acid .

is a compound of carbonic acid gas and lime and when you make it , ,

very hot the carbonic acid flies away and the lime is left. c Here you see the carbonic acid in the bubbles; the lime, vanishes from sight. d If, on the other hand , strong vinegar, you were to powder a little chalk and drop it into a good deal of and , finally • a clear liquid dissolved in the vinegar ,

there would be a great bubbling and fizzing ,

in which no sign of chalk would appear. e There are a great many other ways of showing that chalk is essentially nothing but carbonic acid and quick-lime. • Thomas Henry Huxley i •F Î ŠD lime A Piece of Chalk • carbonic acid •F ’Y Ž_

quick-lime•F¶ÎŠD

1”Ô–Ú ‚P ‚Q ‚R ‚S ‚T a b c d e

4 ”Ô–Ú b c d e a

- 15

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• ½ • ¬ ‚ P‚ T ” N“ x • Ù ” » • Š Ž – ± Š ¯ • Ì — p ‡ T Ž í • E ‡ UŽ í • C ‰ Æ ’ ë • Ù ” » • Š ’ ² • ¸ Š ¯ • â • Ì — p ‡ T Ž í Ž Ž Œ ± ‹ ³ — { Ž Ž Œ ±

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42

(

In the office ) Man: Is that report for the boss going to be finished soon? He wants it right away. .) You know he is very much concerned about details . It's

Woman: It's just about done. ( Man: Yeah, you'd better .

always good to double-check everything you do. Woman: That's for sure! Working around here really keeps you paying careful attention to everything.

going,

I'm , it , it's ,

make , more, ,

once ,

one ,

over , right, ,

sure time

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( Wm . B White Dialogs & Drills in Idiomatic English Volume U ‚ . , ‡

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•j ‚É“ü ê é Å à K –‚È •\Œ» ð ì è C ‰ï˜b

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going make once over time

- 16

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• ½ • ¬ ‚ P‚ T ” N“ x • Ù ” » • Š Ž – ± Š ¯ • Ì — p ‡ T Ž í • E ‡ UŽ í • C ‰ Æ ’ ë • Ù ” » • Š ’ ² • ¸ Š ¯ • â • Ì — p ‡ T Ž í Ž Ž Œ ± ‹ ³ — { Ž Ž Œ ±

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25

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u • ’n “ú–{Œê‚Ì•i ‚d

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- 17

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• ½ • ¬ ‚ P‚ T ” N“ x • Ù ” » • Š Ž – ± Š ¯ • Ì — p ‡ T Ž í • E ‡ UŽ í • C ‰ Æ ’ ë • Ù ” » • Š ’ ² • ¸ Š ¯ • â • Ì — p ‡ T Ž í Ž Ž Œ ± ‹ ³ — { Ž Ž Œ ±

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‚¢‚Á‚½‚¢•C•b‚Å‚à•lŠÔ‚Å‚à•C‚à‚Ƃ͉½‚©‘¼‚Ì‚à‚Ì‚¾‚Á‚½‚ñ‚¾‚낤 •i ‚ß‚Í‚»‚ê‚ð‰¯‚¦‚Ä‚¢‚邪•C‚µ‚¾‚¢‚É–Y‚ê‚Ä‚µ‚Ü‚¢•C•‰‚ß‚©‚ç•¡‚ÌŒ`‚Ì‚à‚Ì‚¾‚Á‚½‚Æ Žv‚¢•ž‚ñ‚Å‚¢‚é‚Ì‚Å‚Í‚È‚¢‚©•H•i •i ‚b ‚a

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27

”N˜V‚¢‚½‚é•l‚Ì•CˆêŽ–‚·‚®‚ꂽ‚é •Ë ‚Ì‚ ‚è‚Ä •u‚±‚Ì•l‚ÌŒã‚É‚Í•C’N‚É‚©–â‚Í‚ñ•v
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- 19

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28

•-”N‚Í–c‚ñ‚¾‘å‚«‚È‚à‚̂𕅖ʂɉŸ‚µ•o‚µ‚½•BƒSƒ€ƒ{•[ƒg‚¾‚Á‚½•B‚Ó‚½‚è‚͉ו¨ ‚ð‚Ù‚¤‚肱‚ñ‚Å‚©‚ç•C•…•Û‚É‚²‚낲‚낵‚Ä‚¢‚é‘å‚«‚ȕ΂ɗ¼Žè‚ð‚‚¢‚Ä ‚µ‚Ä•Cƒ{•[ƒg‚É•æ‚肱‚ñ‚¾•B •u‚Ü‚é‚Å–§•q‚Ý‚½‚¢‚¾•E•E•E•v ‚Æ•ºŽO‚ª•Î‚¢‚©‚¯‚é‚Æ•C•—‚Í•u–Ù‚Á‚Ä•C‰¹‚à‚½‚Ä‚È‚¢‚Å•v‚Æ’á‚-Œ¾‚Á‚½•B
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- 20

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29

–¯‚ÌŠy‚µ‚Ý‚ðŠy‚µ‚ÞŽÒ‚Í•C–¯‚à‚Ü‚½‚»‚ÌŠy‚µ‚Ý‚ðŠy‚µ‚Þ•B–¯‚Ì—J‚Ђð—J‚Ó‚éŽÒ‚Í, –¯‚à‚Ü‚½‚»‚Ì—J‚Ђð—J‚Ó•BŠy‚µ‚Þ‚É“V‰º‚ð‚à‚‚Ăµ•C—J‚Ó‚é‚É“V‰º‚ð‚à‚‚Ă·•B‚µ ‚©‚肵‚©‚¤‚µ‚ĉ¤‚½‚ç‚´‚éŽÒ‚Í•C‚¢‚Ü‚¾‚±‚ê‚ ‚ç‚´‚é‚È‚è•B

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- 21

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‚`•C‚a•C‚b‚Í‚»‚ꂼ‚ê‚O‚©‚P‚Ì‚¤‚¿‚Ç‚¿‚ç‚©‚Ì’l‚ð‚Æ‚è•C‚Ü‚½•C‚`• ‚P‚©‚‚a• ‚P ‚È‚ç‚΂b• ‚P‚Å‚ ‚è ‚`• ‚O‚©‚‚a• ‚O‚È‚ç‚΂b• ‚O‚Å‚ ‚é‚Æ‚« • ŽŸ‚̃A•`ƒG‚Ì‚¤‚¿ •³‚µ‚¢‚à‚Ì‚ð‘g‚Ý•‡‚¹‚½‚à‚Ì‚Í‚Ç‚ê‚©•B ƒA ƒC ƒE ƒG ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ Q R S T ƒ ƒ P ƒ ƒ ‚`• ‚P‚©‚‚b• ‚P‚È‚ç‚΂a• ‚P‚Å‚ ‚é•B ‚`• ‚P‚©‚‚a• ‚O‚È‚ç‚΂b• ‚O‚Å‚ ‚é•B ‚`• ‚P‚©‚‚b• ‚O‚È‚ç‚΂a• ‚O‚Å‚ ‚é•B ‚a• ‚P‚©‚‚b• ‚O‚È‚ç‚΂`• ‚O‚Å‚ ‚é•B ƒ Aƒ Cƒ Cƒ Eƒ Aƒ E E G G C C

32

‚ ‚é‚Q‚‚̎–•Û‚ð‚`•C‚a‚Æ‚·‚é‚Æ‚«•C•\‹L•û–@‚ðƒA•`ƒG‚̂悤‚É’è‹`‚·‚é•B ƒA ƒC ƒE ƒG ‚`‚Æ‚a‚Ì—¼•û‚ª‹N‚±‚鎖•Û‚ð‚`•¿‚a‚Æ•‘‚‚`‚©‚a‚Ì‚¢‚¸‚ê‚©ˆê•û•C‚ ‚é‚¢‚Í‚»‚Ì—¼•û‚Æ‚à‹N‚±‚鎖•Û‚ð‚`•¾‚a‚Æ•‘‚‚`‚ª‹N‚±‚ç‚È‚¢Ž–•Û‚ð‚` ‚Æ•‘‚‚`‚ª‹N‚±‚邱‚Æ‚Æ‚a‚ª‹N‚±‚邱‚Æ‚ª“¯‚¶Ž–•Û‚Å‚ ‚ê‚΂`• ‚a‚Æ•‘‚C

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• v ‚ Å ‚ ‚ é ‚ Æ ‚ « ,• ³ ‚ µ ‚ ¢ ‚ à ‚ Ì ‚ Í Ž Ÿ ‚ Ì ‚ ¤ ‚ ¿ ‚ Ç ‚ ê ‚ © • B ‚Å‚ ‚é•B C

C

‚È‚ç‚Δñ‚a‚©‚‚`‚Å‚ ‚é•B C ”ñ‚`‚©‚‚a‚È‚ç‚Î ‚`‚©‚”ñ‚a‚È‚ç‚Î ”ñ ‚Å‚ ‚é•B ‚Å‚ ‚é•B C C

‚ © ‚ ÂCçÈ`‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ Î ‚ a ‚ Å ‚ ‚ é • B

34

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‚P‚X•F‚U•F‚Q ‚P‚W•F‚U•F‚R ‚P‚W•F‚V•F‚Q ‚P‚X•F‚T•F‚R ‚Q‚O•F‚T•F‚Q

- 23

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‚ ‚éŠé‹Æ‚Å‚`•C‚a•C‚b•C‚c•C‚d•C‚e•C‚f‚Ì‚V•l‚̎Јõ‚Ì’†‚©‚ç•C‚S•l‚ð‘I‘ð‚µ‚ÄŠC ŠO•o’£‚𖽂¸‚é•B‚±‚Ì‚Æ‚«•CŽŸ‚̃A•`ƒI‚Ì•ðŒ•‚ð‚·‚×‚Ä–ž‚½‚·•K—v‚ª‚ ‚é•ê•‡‚É•C‚S •l‚Ì‘I‘ð•û–@‚Í‘S•”‚ʼn½’Ê‚è‚ ‚é‚©•B ƒA ƒC ƒE ƒG ƒI ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ Q R S T ‚ ‚ P ‚ ‚ ‚`‚Ü‚½‚Í‚a‚Ì‚¢‚¸‚ê‚©ˆê•l‚ð‘I‘ð‚·‚é•B ‚d‚Ü‚½‚Í‚e‚Ì‚¢‚¸‚ê‚©ˆê•l‚ð‘I‘ð‚·‚é•B ‚d‚ð‘I‘ð‚·‚é•ê•‡•C ‚à‘I‘ð‚·‚é•B C

‚f‚ð‘I‘ð‚·‚é•ê•‡•C‚a‚à‘I‘ð‚·‚é•B F‘‚ Í I ‘ ð ‚ µ ‚ È ‚ ¢ • B ‚ Q’ P’ Ê‚ R’ S’ T’ Ê‚ Ê‚ Ê‚ è Ê‚ è è è è

36

‚P ‰ñ ‚Ì ŽË Œ‚ ‚Å •W “I ‚É –½ ’† ‚· ‚é Šm —¦ ‚ª 0.2‚Å ‚ ‚é ‚Æ ‚« ‚É •C “Æ —§ ‚É ‚T ”- Œ‚ Á ‚Æ‚à‚Q‰ñ–½’†‚·‚éŠm—¦‚É•Å‚à‹ß‚¢‚à‚Ì‚Í•CŽŸ‚Ì‚¤‚¿‚Ç‚ê‚©•B ‚P ‚Q ‚R ‚S ‚T 0.25 0.5 0.75 0.9 0.1

‚Ä•C•-‚È‚-

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[‹ Ö “ ] • Ú ]

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•Ô•C”’•C• ‚Ì‚R‚‚̃{•[ƒ‹‚ª‚ ‚é•B‚±‚ê‚ç‚ð‚PŒÂ‚¸‚•C‚`, ‚a, ‚b‚Ì” ‚Ì’†‚É“ü‚ê ‚ ½ • B ‚ ± ‚ Ì ‚ Æ ‚ « • u ‚ ` ‚ É ‚ Í • Ô ‚ ¢ ƒ { • [ ƒ ‹ ‚ Í “ ü ‚ Á ‚ Ä ‚ ¢ ‚ È ‚ ¢ • v ‚ Ü ‚ ½ ‚ Í • u ‚ a‚ É ‚ Í ” ’ ‚ ¢ ƒ { • [ ƒ ‹ ‚ Í “ ü •C ‚ Á ‚ Ä ‚ ¢ ‚ È ‚ ¢ • v‚ Ì ‚ ¢ ‚ ¸ ‚ ê ‚ © ˆ ê • û ‚ Ì ‚ Ý ‚ ª • ^ Ž À ‚ Å ‚ ‚ è • C ‚ ³ ‚ ç ‚ É • u‚ b ‚ É ‚ Í • • ‚ ¢ ƒ { • [ ƒ ‹ ‚ Í “ ü ‚ Á ‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢•v‚Ü‚½‚Í•u‚`‚É‚Í• ‚¢ƒ{•[ƒ‹‚Í“ü‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢•v‚Ì‚¢‚¸‚ê‚©ˆê•û‚Ì‚Ý‚ª•^ŽÀ‚Å ‚ ‚é‚Æ‚·‚é‚Æ•C‚`•C‚a•C‚b‚Ì” ‚É‚Í‚»‚ꂼ‚ꉽ•F‚̃{•[ƒ‹‚ª“ü‚Á‚Ä‚¢‚é‚©•B ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ Q R S T • • P • ” Ô • • • ’ ” • ` Ô ” • ’ Ô ‚ • ’ • • ” a • • • • ’ ‚ ” Ô Ô b ’ •C

38

“ – ‚ ½ ‚ è ‚ ª ‚ w – { ‚ Í ‚ ¸ ‚ ê ‚ ª ‚ x – { ‚ ‚ é ‚ - ‚ ¶ ‚ ð ‚ ` ‚ a ‚ Q • l ‚ ª ‚ » ‚ ê ‚• ¼ ‚ ê ‚ P ‰ ñ ˆ ø ‚ - ‚ à ‚ Ì ‚ Æ ‚ · ‚ é ‚`‚ª•æ‚Ɉø‚«•CŽŸ‚É‚a‚ªˆø‚-‚Æ‚«‚Ì“–‚½‚è‚-‚¶‚ðˆø‚-Šm—¦‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä•C•³‚µ‚¢‚à‚Ì‚Í‚Ç ‚ê‚©•B ‚½‚¾‚µ•Cˆê“xˆø‚¢‚½‚-‚¶‚ÍŒ³‚Ö–ß‚³‚È‚¢‚à‚Ì‚Æ‚µ•C‚w•{‚x ‚P ‚Q ‚R ‚S ‚T ‚Q‚Æ‚·‚é•B

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- 25

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‚‹‚•—£‚ꂽ‚o‚pŠÔ‚ð•C•b‚Í–ˆŽž‚U‚‹‚••C‰³‚Í–ˆŽž‚S‚‹‚•‚Ì‘¬‚³‚Å•C“¯Žž‚É‚o‚ð•o

” - ‚ µ ‚ Ä , ‚ o ‚ p Š Ô ‚ ð ‰ ½ ‰ ñ ‚ © ‰ • • œ ‚ · ‚ é • B • b‚ ª ‚ P‰ ñ ‰ • œ ‚ µ ‚ ½ Œ ã • C‚ ³ ‚ ç ‚ É ‚ p‚ É ’ … ‚ - ‚ Ü ‚ Å ‚ É • C • ‰ ‚ß‚Ä•b‚Ɖ³‚ÌŠu‚½‚肪‚R‚‹‚•‚É‚È‚é‚Ì‚Í•C•o”-‚µ‚Ä‚©‚牽ŽžŠÔ‰½•ªŒã‚©•BŽŸ‚Ì’†‚©‚ç •Å‚à‹ß‚¢‚à‚Ì‚ð‘I‚וB ‚P ‚Q ‚R ‚S ‚T ‚RŽžŠÔ ‚ R Ž ž Š Ô 10• ª ‚ R Ž ž Š Ô 20• ª ‚ R Ž ž Š Ô 30• ª ‚ R Ž ž Š Ô 40• ª

40 ‚ ‚ é • ¤ • i ‚ ð 1 0 ‚ ‡ ‚ É ‚ Â ‚ « 1 8 0 ‰ ~ ‚ Å Ž d “ ü ‚ Å • C • … ‚ Á ‚ Ä ‚ ¢ ‚ È ‚ ¢ ‚ à ‚ Ì ‚ ð ” „ ‚ Á ‚ Ä • C Ž d “ ü ‚ ê ’ l ‚ Ì ‚ Q Š „ ‚ Ì — ˜ ‰ v ‚ ð ‚ ‚ ° ‚ é ‚ ½ ‚ ß ‚ É ‚ Í • C • ¤ • i ‚ ð 10 0‚ ‡ ‚ É ‚ Â ‚ « • C ‚ ¢ ‚ - ‚ ç ‚ Å ” „ ‚ ê ‚ Î ‚ æ ‚ ¢ ‚ © • B Ž Ÿ ‚ Ì ’ † ‚ © ‚ ç • Å ‚ à ‹ ß ‚ ¢ ‚ à ‚ Ì ‚ ð ‘ I ‚ × • B ‚P ‚Q ‚R ‚S ‚T 19 0 ‰ ~ 2 0 0‰ ~ 2 1 0‰ ~ 2 0‰~ 230‰~

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- 26

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•b•C‰³‚QŽí—Þ‚Ì•H‰–•…‚ª‚ ‚é•B•b‚R•C‰³‚P‚ÌŠ„•‡‚Å•¬‚º•‡‚킹‚é‚Æ”Z“x‚T•“•C•b

‚P•C‰³‚R‚ÌŠ„•‡‚Å•¬‚º•‡‚킹‚é‚Æ”Z“x‚V•“‚Ì•H‰–•…‚ª“¾‚ç‚ê‚é•B‚±‚Ì‚Æ‚«•C•b‚Ì•H‰– •…‚Ì”Z“x‚É•Å‚à‹ß‚¢‚à‚Ì‚Í•CŽŸ‚Ì‚¤‚¿‚Ç‚ê‚©•B ‚P ‚Q ‚R ‚S ‚T 2.6•“ 3.6•“ 4. 6 • “ 5.6•“ 6. •“

42

‚ P ‚ © ‚ ç 12‚ Ü ‚ Å ‚ Ì • ” ‚ É ‚ Â ‚ ¢ ‚ Ä • C Ž Ÿ ‚ Ì ‚ æ ‚ ¤ ‚ É ‘ g ‚ Ý • ‡ ‚ í ‚ ¹ ‚ Ä • ‡ ” Ô ‚ ð ‚ Â ‚ ¯ ‚ é ‚ Æ ‚ · ‚ é • B { 1 } 1, = {1, 2} 13, {2, 3} 24, {3, 4} 34, { 1 , 3= 1 4 , } { 2, 4= 2 5 , } {2} 2, •E •E •E •E •E •E = •E •E •E = {1, 2} 23, = {2,12} 3 , {3,12} 42, { 1 2 } 12 , = = = =

= •E•E•E•E•E•E•E•E •E•E•E•E•E•E•E•E•E•E•E•E•E•E•E•E

{1 ,12} 78, {1, 2 3} 79, {1, 2 4} 80, {1, 3 4} 89, {1, 3 5} 90,

= •E •E •E = •E •E •E = {1,2 12} 8 , {1, 3 12} 97, = = = =

•E•E•E•E•E•E•E•E•E•E•E•E•E•E•E•E

‚ ± ‚ Ì ‚ Æ ‚ « • C {1 0, 1 , 1 2} ‚ É ‘ Î ‰ ž ‚ · ‚ é ” Ô • † ‚ Í Ž Ÿ ‚ Ì ‚ ¤ ‚ ¿ ‚ Ì ‚ Ç ‚ ê ‚ © • B ‚P ‚Q ‚R ‚S ‚T 298 29 296 297 295

- 27

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‚P‚©‚ç‚X‚Ü‚Å‚Ì•”Žš‚ðŠe‚P‰ñ‚¾‚¯Žg‚Á‚Ä ŽŸ‚Ì“™Ž®‚ª•¬‚è—§‚‚悤‚É‹ó—“‚ð–„‚ß‚é

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4

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‰½ŒÂ—p‚¢‚é‚©•BŽŸ‚Ì’†‚©

- 28

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‚`•C‚a•C‚b•C‚c•C‚d‚Í‚O‚©‚ç‚X‚Ü‚Å‚Ì‚¤‚¿ˆÙ‚È‚é‚TŒÂ‚Ì•®•”‚ð•\‚µ•C‚UŒ…‚Ì•®•” • u ‚ ` ‚ a ‚ Q ‚ b ‚ c ‚ d • v ‚ Ì ‚ Q ” { ‚ ª ‚ U Œ … ‚ Ì • ® • ” • u‚ Q ‚ b‚ c ‚ d‚ ` ‚ a• v ‚ Æ ‚ È ‚ é • B ‚ ± ‚ Ì ‚ Æ ‚ « , ‚ d ‚ Í Ž Ÿ ‚ Ì ‚¤‚¿‚Ç‚ê‚©•B ‚`‚a‚Q‚b‚c‚d • ‚Q‚b‚c‚d‚`‚a ~ ‚ Q

‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚

P Q R S T ‚ ‚

‚

T U ‚ V W ‚ X

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‚ • ,‚ ‘ ‚ ð ˆ Ù ‚ È ‚ é ‘ f • ” ‚ Æ ‚ · ‚ é ‚ Æ ‚ « • C ‚ • ‚ Æ ‚ ‘ ‚ Ì • Ï ‚ Å ‚ ‚ é ‚ • ‚ ‘ ‚ Ì ‚ · ‚ × ‚ Ä ‚ Ì – ñ • ” ‚ Ì ˜ a ‚ ª ‚ Q ‚ • ‚ ‘ ‚Æ‚È‚é•B‚±‚Ì‚Æ‚«•C•®•”‚•‚‘‚É•Å‚à‹ß‚¢‚à‚Ì‚Í•CŽŸ‚Ì‚¤‚¿‚Ç‚ê‚©•B ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ Q R S T 20 25 P 10 15 ‚ T

- 29

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‚𒆕S‚Æ‚·‚é‰~‚É‚·‚ׂĂ̕ӂŊO•Ú‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚é‚悤‚È‚UŠpŒ`‚`‚a‚b‚c‚d‚e‚ð•l O •C•Ú •C•Ú AOB ‚ÌŠp“x‚̘a‚É•Å‚à‹ß‚¢‚à‚Ì‚Í•CŽŸ‚Ì‚¤ COD EOF

‚¦‚é•B‚±‚Ì‚Æ‚«•C•Ú ‚¿‚Ç‚ê‚©•B ‚P ‚Q ‚ ‚ ‚ 185“x 190“x R S T 195“ 20 “ 205“

x x x

48

’ ê – Ê ‚ Ì ‰ ~ ‚ Ì ” ¼ Œ a ‚ ª 10‚ ƒ ‚ • C • ‚ ³ ‚ ª 20‚ ƒ ‚ • ‚ Ì ’ ¼ ‰ ~ • ‚ ª ‚ ‚ é • B ‚ » ‚ Ì ’ ê – Ê ‚ Ì ‰ ~ ”  • ã ‚ É ’ ê – Ê ‚ª‚ ‚Á‚Ä, ’¼‰~• ‚É“à•Ú‚·‚é—§•û‘̂̈ê•Ó‚Ì’·‚³‚É•Å‚à‹ß‚¢‚à‚Ì‚Í ŽŸ‚Ì‚¤‚¿‚Ç‚ê‚© ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚T P Q R S 10‚ƒ• ‚ ‚ ‚ X‚ ‚ U‚ V‚ W‚ ƒ‚ ƒ‚ ƒ‚ • ƒ‚ • • • • C

- 30

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‚ ‚ é • ³ ‚ Ì • ® • ” ‚ Í ‚ T ‚ Å Š „ ‚ é ‚ Æ ‚ Q — ] ‚ è • C ‚ V ‚ Å Š „ ‚ é ‚ Æ ‚ R — ] ‚ é • B ‚ ± ‚ Ì ‚ Æ ‚ « • C ‚ » ‚ Ì • ® • ” ‚ ð 35‚ Å Š„‚Á‚½‚Æ‚«‚Ì—]‚è‚ÍŽŸ‚Ì‚¤‚¿‚Ç‚ê‚©•B ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ P Q R S T 2 32 12 17 ‚ Q

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